Science Trends

The process of reducing carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions resulting from human activity to mitigate climate change. This involves transitioning from fossil fuels to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and adopting technologies that reduce carbon footprints. Decarbonization primarily benefits governments, industries, and individuals committed to environmental sustainability and meeting international climate targets.

A naturally occurring mineral form of calcium apatite with the formula Ca₅(PO₄)₃(OH). It is the main inorganic component of tooth enamel and bone, widely used in medical and dental applications such as bone grafts and dental implants due to its biocompatibility and similarity to human hard tissues. Hydroxyapatite is particularly beneficial for medical professionals and patients requiring bone and dental restoration.

Robusta coffee, scientifically known as Coffea canephora, is one of the two main species of coffee cultivated for consumption. It is known for its stronger, harsher taste and higher caffeine content compared to Arabica coffee, and is often used in espresso blends and instant coffee. Robusta coffee primarily appeals to consumers who prefer a stronger, more bitter coffee flavor and is also favored by producers for its hardiness and higher yield.

This soil amendment is derived from charcoal and is used to enhance soil health, boost agricultural productivity, and sequester carbon. Produced through pyrolysis, it is recognized for its ability to retain nutrients and water, promote microbial activity, and reduce soil acidity, distinguishing it from other fertilizers. The primary beneficiaries of this product are farmers and agricultural professionals seeking sustainable methods to improve crop yields and soil quality.

Short chains of amino acids linked by peptide bonds, smaller than proteins. Peptides function as hormones, neurotransmitters, and are involved in the immune response, playing crucial roles in various biological processes. They are valuable in medical and research applications for their diverse functionalities.

Biotechnology company specializing in the development of novel immunotherapies for advanced cancers and infectious diseases. ImmunityBio differentiates itself with key products such as the IL-15 superagonist Anktiva (N-803), engineered NK-92® cell-based therapies, and next-generation adenovirus-vectored anti-cancer vaccines, which aim to enhance the immune system's ability to combat serious diseases. The company's primary target demographic includes patients suffering from advanced cancers and infectious diseases, as well as healthcare providers seeking innovative treatment options.

Technology aimed at reducing CO2 emissions from industrial processes and power generation by capturing, transporting, and storing CO2. CCUS helps mitigate climate change by preventing CO2 from entering the atmosphere and can also be used in various industrial applications, such as enhanced oil recovery. This technology is particularly beneficial for industries with high carbon emissions, such as power plants, cement production, and steel manufacturing.

Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) is a supplement that serves as a precursor for NAD+ biosynthesis, a crucial coenzyme in cellular energy production and metabolism. By increasing NAD+ concentration, NMN supplementation may help mitigate aging-related disorders such as oxidative stress, DNA damage, neurodegeneration, and inflammatory responses, potentially improving overall health and longevity. NMN supplements are primarily targeted at individuals seeking anti-aging benefits and enhanced cellular health, including older adults and those interested in longevity research.

A diversified space company focused on space exploration, providing products and services to support robotic and human missions. The company differentiates itself by offering a range of solutions for lunar and planetary exploration, including lunar landers and communication networks. Intuitive Machines primarily serves space agencies, commercial space enterprises, and research institutions aiming to advance space exploration and technology.

Naturally occurring polyamine compound found in ribosomes and living tissues, playing various metabolic roles within organisms. It is known for its involvement in cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation, and has gained attention for its potential health benefits, including promoting autophagy, the body's process of cleaning out damaged cells and regenerating newer, healthier cells. Spermidine is of particular interest to researchers and individuals focused on cellular health and longevity.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is a type of artificial intelligence that aims to understand, learn, and apply knowledge across a wide range of tasks at a level comparable to human intelligence. Unlike narrow AI, which is designed for specific tasks, AGI seeks to perform any intellectual task that a human can do, characterized by generalization, autonomy, learning, and reasoning. AGI is primarily of interest to researchers and technologists in the field of artificial intelligence, as it remains a theoretical concept with ongoing exploration and development.

Medical drugs produced using biotechnology, including vaccines, blood components, gene therapies, tissues, and recombinant therapeutic proteins. These medicines are derived from living organisms and are used to treat various diseases and medical conditions, often involving complex processes like genetic engineering and cell culture. Biomedicines are primarily targeted at treating chronic and severe conditions such as cancer, diabetes, and autoimmune diseases.

A large long-term biobank study in the United Kingdom that began in 2006, focusing on the contributions of genetic predisposition and environmental exposure to disease development. It serves as a significant resource for cancer research, containing de-identified genetic, lifestyle, and health information, as well as biological samples. The UK Biobank primarily benefits researchers and scientists in the fields of genetics, epidemiology, and public health.

A family of high molecular weight, heavily glycosylated proteins produced by epithelial tissues in most animals. These proteins are a key component of mucus, serving to protect and lubricate surfaces in the body, and are characterized by their ability to form gels, playing roles in cell signaling, forming protective barriers, and immune response. Mucins are essential for maintaining the health and function of epithelial tissues, benefiting a wide range of biological processes.

This category of engineered wood products is utilized in construction for its sustainability, strength, and aesthetic appeal. It consists of solid wood panels, columns, or beams and serves as an alternative to steel and concrete in various building types, offering environmental benefits and design flexibility. The primary demographic includes architects, builders, and developers focused on sustainable and innovative construction solutions.

Machine learning approach that aims to train models to perform tasks with a very limited number of training examples. Few-shot learning includes techniques like meta-learning, transfer learning, data augmentation, and metric learning, making it valuable in scenarios where data is scarce or expensive to obtain. This approach is particularly beneficial for researchers and developers working in fields with limited labeled data, such as medical imaging or rare language processing.

Energy storage devices that store thermal energy for later use. They consist of a stack of cells, each made from a cathode, an electrolyte separator, an anode, and a pyrotechnic thermal energy source, allowing them to store surplus thermal energy for varying durations, from hours to months. These batteries are beneficial for applications ranging from individual processes to large-scale district or regional systems, targeting industries and sectors that require efficient thermal energy management.

Quibim is a Spanish company specializing in artificial intelligence solutions for medical imaging analysis. Their cloud-based platform, QP-Insights®, manages, harmonizes, and analyzes imaging data to extract radiomic features and develop predictive models, aiming to improve patient outcomes. Quibim primarily serves healthcare providers and pharmaceutical companies seeking advanced tools for disease detection, diagnosis, and monitoring.

Medical treatment that involves delivering electrical impulses to the vagus nerve, primarily used to treat epilepsy and treatment-resistant depression. Vagus nerve stimulation typically involves the surgical implantation of a device that sends regular, mild pulses of electrical energy to the brain via the vagus nerve, influencing neurotransmitter levels and brain activity. This treatment is particularly beneficial for individuals with epilepsy or depression who have not responded to conventional therapies.

Hexylresorcinol is an organic compound commonly used as an antiseptic and anesthetic. It is frequently included in throat lozenges and skincare products due to its antibacterial and antifungal properties, and it is also known for its skin-lightening effects in cosmetic formulations. The primary users of hexylresorcinol are individuals seeking relief from throat discomfort, as well as those looking for skincare solutions with antibacterial and skin-brightening benefits.

High-throughput technology used to study protein interactions, activities, and functions on a large scale. Protein chips enable researchers to track the interactions and activities of proteins, which is crucial for understanding various biological processes and disease mechanisms. This technology is primarily utilized by researchers and scientists in the fields of molecular biology, biochemistry, and medical research.

A naturally occurring psychoactive substance found in plants of the Apocynaceae family, particularly in the root bark of the African shrub Tabernanthe iboga. It is traditionally used in African spiritual ceremonies and has shown potential in treating addiction, especially opioid addiction, by resetting the brain's neurotransmitter systems and reducing withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Ibogaine is typically administered in a clinical setting under medical supervision due to significant risks, including heart complications and neurotoxicity, and its use is illegal in many countries.

Biennial plant known for its tall, erect stem and large, velvety leaves, traditionally used to treat respiratory issues, inflammation, and infections. Common preparations include teas, tinctures, and oils, offering various therapeutic benefits. It is primarily used by individuals seeking natural remedies for respiratory and inflammatory conditions.

Proximity-dependent biotin identification (BioID) is a tool used in biological research to identify candidate proteins within a specific protein's interactome. It is a powerful method for studying mammalian proteomes, including insoluble and membrane-associated proteins, and can efficiently screen for interacting and neighboring proteins in plant cells. BioID is particularly valuable for researchers in molecular biology and biochemistry who are investigating protein interactions and cellular processes.

Icosapent Ethyl is a prescription medication primarily used to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. It is an ethyl ester of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), an omega-3 fatty acid, and is often prescribed to patients with high triglyceride levels to help lower these levels and reduce the risk of heart attack, stroke, and other cardiovascular issues. The medication is particularly beneficial for individuals with elevated triglycerides who are at risk for cardiovascular diseases.

Short chains of amino acid monomers linked by peptide bonds, typically containing 2 to 50 amino acids. Peptides play crucial roles in biological functions, including acting as hormones, enzymes, and signaling molecules, and are used in various medical and cosmetic applications. They are particularly valuable for researchers, medical professionals, and the cosmetic industry for their diverse functional properties.

A holographic display is a technology that creates three-dimensional images in space without the need for special glasses or screens. It uses light diffraction, lasers, or similar optical technologies to project visuals that appear lifelike and interactive, enhancing depth perception and realism. Holographic displays are targeted at industries such as entertainment, advertising, education, and healthcare, as well as tech enthusiasts seeking cutting-edge visualization tools.

Biotechnology company focused on using cell engineering to develop therapeutics for diseases of the female reproductive system. Gameto aims to improve women's reproductive health throughout their lives by leveraging advanced biotechnological methods. The primary beneficiaries of Gameto's innovations are women seeking enhanced reproductive health solutions.

The balance of microorganisms in the digestive tract, known as gut health, is essential for overall well-being. A healthy gut microbiome aids in digestion, nutrient absorption, and immune system maintenance, and can be supported by a diet rich in fiber, fruits, vegetables, and fermented foods. Individuals seeking to improve their physical and mental health, as well as those experiencing digestive issues, benefit from maintaining good gut health.

Quantum computing is a type of computation that leverages quantum mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. It allows for the processing of vast amounts of information simultaneously, offering significant speed advantages for certain types of problems compared to classical computing. Quantum computing is particularly beneficial for fields requiring complex simulations, cryptography, and optimization problems.